MathJax TeX

H i e r a r c h y_{E U} = \frac{G e r m a n G D P}{S u m o f r e m a i n i n g E U m e m b e r s t a t e s^{'} G D P s}

$\begin{equation}Hierarch{y_{EU}} = \frac{{German\,GDP}}{{Sum\,of\;remaining\;EU\;member\;states'GDPs}}\end{equation}$ (4.1)

d = \sqrt{{(X_{a} - X_{b})}^{2} + {(Y_{a} - Y_{b})}^{2}}

$\begin{equation}d = \sqrt {{{\left( {{X_a} - {X_b}} \right)}^2} + {{\left( {{Y_a} - {Y_b}} \right)}^2}}\end{equation}$ (4.2)

V c G e r_{G e r, j} = \sqrt{{(X_{G e r} - X_{j})}^{2} + {(Y_{G e r} - Y_{j})}^{2}}

$\begin{equation}VcGe{r_{Ger,j}} = \sqrt {{{\left( {{X_{Ger}} - {X_j}} \right)}^2} + {{\left( {{Y_{Ger}} - {Y_j}} \right)}^2}}\end{equation}$ (4.3)

(M o d e l 1) : I A S_{1980 - 2021} = V C_{G e r} + T r u s t_{E C_n o r m a l} + H i e r_{G e r}

$\begin{equation}\left( {Model\,1} \right):\quad IA{S_{1980 - 2021}} = V{C_{Ger}} + Trus{t_{EC{\rm{\_}}normal}} + Hie{r_{Ger}}\end{equation}$ (4.4)

(M o d e l 2) : I A S_{1980 - 2021} = V C_{G e r} + T r u s t_{E C_l o w} + H i e r_{G e r}

$\begin{equation} \left( {Model2} \right):\,IA{S_{1980 - 2021}} = V{C_{Ger}} + Trus{t_{EC\_low}} + Hie{r_{Ger}}\end{equation}$ (4.5)

(M o d e l 3) : I A S_{1980 - 2021} = V C_{G e r} + T r u s t_{E C_h i g h} + H i e r_{G e r}

$\begin{equation} \left( {Model\,3} \right):\quad IA{S_{1980 - 2021}} = V{C_{Ger}} + Trus{t_{EC{\rm{\_}}high}} + Hie{r_{Ger}}\end{equation}$ (4.6)

IAS = \frac{{\sum \nolimits_6^{i = 1}{C_i}}}{6}

Hierarchy = \frac{{GMY}}{{E{U_{rest}}\left( {from\,\,the\;date\;they\;joined} \right)}}

Value\,Convergenc{e_{a,b}} = \sqrt {{{\left( {{X_a} - {X_b}} \right)}^2} + {{\left( {{Y_a} - {Y_b}} \right)}^2}}

VcGe{r_{Ger,j}} = \sqrt {{{\left( {{X_{Ger}} - {X_j}} \right)}^2} + {{\left( {{Y_{Ger}} - {Y_j}} \right)}^2}}